// Arup Guha
// 3/16/2017
// Solution to 2017 UCF HS Contest Problem: The Power of Two is a Curious Thing

import java.util.*;

public class power {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Scanner stdin = new Scanner(System.in);
		int numCases = stdin.nextInt();
		
		// Process each case - we bit shift, then just subtract one.
		for (int loop=0; loop<numCases; loop++) {
			int n = stdin.nextInt();
			System.out.println((1<<n)-1);
		}
	}
}