Short answer questions will be graded on the basis of
completeness (did you list all the relevant parts of the answer?)
soundness (did you make any errors of fact or contradict yourself?)
and clarity.
You can help ensure clarity by giving examples where possible.

For essays, critical justifications, and the like there may be no one right
answer; so the criteria for judgement will be whether your essay is:
\begin{itemize}
\item
clear
(you use examples where appropriate,
you write clear sentences, diagrams,
and you avoid excess verbosity),

\item
sound
(you start from facts or reasonable assumptions,
your logic is convincing), and

\item
complete
(you consider relevant aspects of the problem and alternatives).
\end{itemize}
Extra consideration will be given to answers that are especially creative.